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Iran,
Īrān, officially the Islamic
Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری
اسلامی
ايران
transliteration: Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye
Īrān), is a country located in western
Asia, known previously as Persia. Iran borders
Armenia, Azerbaijan (including its Nakhichevan exclave),
and Turkmenistan to the north, Pakistan and Afghanistan
to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. In
addition, it borders the Persian Gulf, across which lie
Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, and the
United Arab Emirates. Shi'a Islam is the official state
religion.
Throughout
history, Iran has been of great geostrategic importance
because of its central location in Eurasia. Iran is a
member and co-founder of the United
Nations, the OIC, and OPEC.
Iran is also significant in international politics on
account of its large supply of petroleum.
The name Iran is a cognate of Aryan and literally means
"Land of the Aryans."
جمهوری
اسلامی
ايران
Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Īrān
Islamic Republic of Iran
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Flag
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Emblem
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Motto:
Persian: Esteqlāl, āzādī,
jomhūrī-ye eslāmī
(English: "Independence, freedom, (the)
Islamic Republic")
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Anthem:
Sorūd-e Mellī-e Īrān
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Capital
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Tehran
35°40′N
44°26′E
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Largest city
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Tehran
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Official language(s)
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Persian
فارسی (Fārsi)
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Government
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Islamic
Republic
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Supreme Leader
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Ali
Khamenei
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President
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Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad
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Revolution
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Overthrew
Monarchy
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Declared
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February
11, 1979
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Area
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Total
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1,648,195 km² (18th)
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636,372 sq mi
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Water (%)
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0.7%
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Population
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2005 est.
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68,467,413
(18th)
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1996 census
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60,055,488
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Density
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41/km² (159th)
106/sq mi
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GDP
(PPP)
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2005
estimate
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Total
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$554.8
billion (19th)
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Per capita
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$7,980 (74th)
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HDI
(2006)
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0.736 (99th) – medium
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Currency
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Rial
(ريال) (IRR)
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Time
zone
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(UTC+3.30)
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Summer (DST)
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not
observed (UTC+3.30)
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Internet
TLD
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.ir
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Calling
code
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+98
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LINKS
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