IRAN

Iran, Īrān, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ايران transliteration: Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Īrān), is a country located in western Asia, known previously as Persia. Iran borders Armenia, Azerbaijan (including its Nakhichevan exclave), and Turkmenistan to the north, Pakistan and Afghanistan to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. In addition, it borders the Persian Gulf, across which lie Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Shi'a Islam is the official state religion.

Throughout history, Iran has been of great geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia. Iran is a member and co-founder of the United Nations, the OIC, and OPEC. Iran is also significant in international politics on account of its large supply of petroleum. The name Iran is a cognate of Aryan and literally means "Land of the Aryans."


Flag	Emblem

Motto: Persian: Esteqlāl, āzādī, jomhūrī-ye eslāmī
(English: "Independence, freedom, (the) Islamic Republic")

Anthem: Sorūd-e Mellī-e Īrān

Location of Iran

Capital

Tehran
35°40′N 44°26′E

Largest city

Tehran

Official language(s)

Persian فارسی (Fārsi)

Government

Islamic Republic

- Supreme Leader

Ali Khamenei

- President

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Revolution

Overthrew Monarchy

- Declared

February 11, 1979

Area

- Total

1,648,195 km² (18th)

636,372 sq mi

- Water (%)

0.7%

Population

- 2005 est.

68,467,413 (18th)

- 1996 census

60,055,488

- Density

41/km² (159th)
106/sq mi

GDP (PPP)

2005 estimate

- Total

$554.8 billion (19th)

- Per capita

$7,980 (74th)

HDI (2006)

0.736 (99th) – medium

Currency

Rial (ريال) (IRR)

Time zone

(UTC+3.30)

- Summer (DST)

not observed (UTC+3.30)

Internet TLD

.ir

Calling code

+98

LINKS

OPEC

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